LIMERICK
The limerick, whose
name comes from the town in Ireland, is a five-line joke of a poem — witty,
usually involving place names and puns, and most often bawdy, sometimes
unprintable. A limerick is constructed of anapests, the metrical foot
consisting of two unaccented or short syllables followed by one stressed or
long syllable: da-da-dum. The first two lines are three anapests,
the second two are two anapests, and the last line is three, the whole poem
rhymed aabba.
Examples
of Limerick
There
was a young lady of Lucca
Whose
lovers completely forsook her;
She ran up a tree
And said "Fiddle-de-dee!"
Which embarrassed the people of Lucca.
- Edward Lear
She ran up a tree
And said "Fiddle-de-dee!"
Which embarrassed the people of Lucca.
- Edward Lear
There
was a Young Lady whose chin
Resembled
the point of a pin:
So she had it made sharp,
And purchased a harp,
And played several tunes with her chin.
- Edward Lear
So she had it made sharp,
And purchased a harp,
And played several tunes with her chin.
- Edward Lear
Few
thought he was even a starter;
There
were many who thought themselves smarter,
But he ended a PM
CH and OM
An earl and a Knight of the Garter.
- Clement Attlee
But he ended a PM
CH and OM
An earl and a Knight of the Garter.
- Clement Attlee
A
man hired by John Smith and Co.
Loudly declared that he’d tho.
Men that he saw
Dumping dirt near his door
The drivers, therefore, didn’t do.
by Mark Twain
Loudly declared that he’d tho.
Men that he saw
Dumping dirt near his door
The drivers, therefore, didn’t do.
by Mark Twain
There
was a small boy of Quebec
Who was buried in snow to his neck
When they said, "Are you friz?"
He replied, " Yes, I is —
But we don't call this cold in Quebec"
by Rudyard Kipling
Who was buried in snow to his neck
When they said, "Are you friz?"
He replied, " Yes, I is —
But we don't call this cold in Quebec"
by Rudyard Kipling
SONNET
A sonnet, in English poetry, is a poem of
fourteen lines, usually in iambic pentameter that has one of two regular rhyme
schemes - although there are a couple of exceptions, and years of
experimentation that have loosened this definition.
Rhyme : Varied, but the two most popular are
ababcdcd-efefgg (Shakespearean) and abbaabba-cdcdcd (Miltonic)
Structure : Varied, but most popular is 14 lines,
10 syllables per line, in either two quatrains and two tercets; or three
quatrains and a closing couplet
Measure/Beat :
Iambic pentameter
Common themes: Romantic, joys and perils of
love
Examples of Sonnet
Petrarchan sonnet
From Visions
Francesco Petrarch (1304-1374)
Francesco Petrarch (1304-1374)
Being
one day at my window all alone,
So manie strange
things happened me to see,
As much as it grieveth me to thinke thereon.
At my right hand a hynde appear’d to mee,
So faire as mote the greatest god delite;
Two eager dogs did her pursue in chace.
Of which the one was blacke, the other white:
With deadly force so in their cruell race
As much as it grieveth me to thinke thereon.
At my right hand a hynde appear’d to mee,
So faire as mote the greatest god delite;
Two eager dogs did her pursue in chace.
Of which the one was blacke, the other white:
With deadly force so in their cruell race
They
pincht the haunches of that gentle beast,
That at the last, and
in short time, I spide,
Under a rocke, where she alas, opprest,
Fell to the ground, and there untimely dide.
Cruell death vanquishing so noble beautie
Oft makes me wayle so hard a desire.
Under a rocke, where she alas, opprest,
Fell to the ground, and there untimely dide.
Cruell death vanquishing so noble beautie
Oft makes me wayle so hard a desire.
(Trans. Edmund
Spenser)
Curtal sonnet
From La Vita
Nuova
Dante Alighieri (1265-1321)
Dante Alighieri (1265-1321)
And
now (for I must rid my name of ruth)
Behooves me speak the
truth
Touching thy cruelty and wickedness:
Not that they be not known; but ne'ertheless
I would give hate more stress
With them that feed on love in every sooth.
Touching thy cruelty and wickedness:
Not that they be not known; but ne'ertheless
I would give hate more stress
With them that feed on love in every sooth.
Out
of this world thou hast driven courtesy,
And virtue, dearly
prized in womanhood;
And out of youth’s gay mood
The lovely lightness is quite gone through thee.
(Trans. D.G. Rossetti)
And out of youth’s gay mood
The lovely lightness is quite gone through thee.
(Trans. D.G. Rossetti)
Shakespearean sonnet
From Sonnets
William Shakespeare (1564-1616)
William Shakespeare (1564-1616)
From
fairest creatures we desire increase,
That thereby beauty’s
rose might never die.
But as the riper should by time decease,
His tender heir might bear his memory:
But thou, contracted to thine own bright eyes,
Feed'st thy light’s flame with self-substantial fuel,
Making a famine where abundance lies,
Thyself thy foe, to thy sweet self too cruel.
Thou that art now the world’s fresh ornament
And only herald to the gaudy spring,
Within thine own bud buriest thy content
And, tender churl, mak'st waste in niggarding.
Pity the world, or else this glutton be,
To eat the world’s due, by the grave and thee.
But as the riper should by time decease,
His tender heir might bear his memory:
But thou, contracted to thine own bright eyes,
Feed'st thy light’s flame with self-substantial fuel,
Making a famine where abundance lies,
Thyself thy foe, to thy sweet self too cruel.
Thou that art now the world’s fresh ornament
And only herald to the gaudy spring,
Within thine own bud buriest thy content
And, tender churl, mak'st waste in niggarding.
Pity the world, or else this glutton be,
To eat the world’s due, by the grave and thee.
HAIKU
A haiku poem consists
of three lines, with the first and last line having 5 moras, and the middle
line having 7. A mora is a sound unit, much like a syllable, but is not identical
to it. Since the moras do not translate well into English, it has been adapted
and syllables are used as moras.
Examples of Haiku
Basho Matsuo
An old silent pond...
A frog jumps into the
pond,
splash! Silence again.
Kobayashi Issa
Trusting the Buddha, good
and bad,
I bid farewell
To the departing year.
Natsume Soseki (1867 – 1916)
Over the wintry
forest, winds howl
in rage
with no leaves to blow.
lm
BalasHapushelloooooo
BalasHapusigg8yg8yg8igvcf5xde45r6ft7gyb
BalasHapus